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What is Politics?
How Important is Politics to You?
n What
is Politics?
Politics is a process of determining who gets what,
where, and how in a _________.” --Harold Laswell
“If men [and women] were ___________, no government
would be necessary.”
--James Madison
How Did Government Form?
n Evolutionary Theory: Darwinian. Through collective organization from family
to ____________________ evolved.
n Force Theory: Government came together after one group _____________ the other;
forced everyone to live by their rules. Institutions formed as result of force.
Locke vs. Hobbes
n 17th
Century ________________
n Age of “______________” and Science
n Followed
years of turmoil I.e. ________________, Wars, Disease…
n “_____________
of Man” was challenged
John Locke
n Man
is by Nature a _______________ animal.
n Men
(and women) keep their promises and honor their __________________.
n Humans
know ______________________.
n Peace
is usually the ____________ and should be the norm.
n Humans
can set up systems to ensure that _________________ in society is followed.
Thomas Hobbes
n Man is not a ______________ animal. He is at the mercy of his fellow man or the State.
n There is no such thing as a “____________.” Man lives in constant fear of
death.
n Humans alone can’t _______________ what is theirs and what is someone else’s.
n Peace can only be imposed by _____________.
n If you shut up and do what you’re told,you might not get ____________.
Four Basic Purposes of Government:
1. To
Resolve Conflicts: Through ____________.
These conflicts can be internal or external. (I.e. foreign wars). Authority
is given to the government by the people. It is legitimized.
2. To
Provide ______________Services: that people can’t otherwise provide for themselves.
(I.e. the armed forces, and park service are examples of public services).
n (3) Setting Goals for Public Policies: Gov’t sets ___________ designed
to improve life for all people. (I.e. Social Security reform)
n (4)
Preserving Culture: Achieved through providing _________. (I.e. The War on Terrorism)
Systems of Government:
n Autocracy: Government where power and authority are in the hands of _______
person. (Emperor of Japan, Pre-WWII)
n Monarchy: A form of autocracy in which ________, queen, or emperor is the highest
authority. (Louis XVI)
n Constitutional Monarchy: Power is _________ between the monarch and elected
lawmakers. Monarch’s power is limited by government. (Britain today)
n Dictatorship: Government where ____________ is exercised by a _________ ____________.
(common to developing countries such as Nicaragua, Uganda, Iraq)
n Totalitarian: Dictatorial government of a person or people who seek to ____________
all aspects of social and economic life. (Hitler, Stalin, Saddam Hussein)
Types of Democracy
n Direct Democracy: Allows people to participate __________in government decision
making. Concept from Athens Greece, 500 b.c. Contemporary example-Switzerland
n American Democracy: The __________ and not the government are in ultimate control.
5 Fundamental Principals of American Democracy:
n 1. Equality in ______________
n 2. Individual _______________
n 3. Equal Protection under the ____________
n 4. Majority Rule and ____________ Rights
n 5. Voluntary Consent of the ________________
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